Eswatini Association of Savings and Credit Cooperatives

Ingeniso: I-ESASCCO Nemlandvo Wayo e-Eswatini

Inhlangano Yase-Eswatini Yemifelandawonye Yekulondza Nemalimboleko, leyatiwa kakhulu ngekutsi yi-ESASCCO, ingumgogodla wetimali lobalulekile e-Eswatini. Yasungulwa ngemnyaka wa-1988 njengenhlangano yekuzinikela yemifelandawonye yemalimboleko nekulondza (SACCOs), inhloso yayo lenkhulu bekukulondza nekukhulisa kufakwa kwebantfu etinhlelweni tetimali, ikakhulukati emiphakatsini yasemakhaya nalabangenako tinhlelo tetimali letifanele. I-ESASCCO ingumzimba loyincenye, lokusho kutsi isebenta njengenhlangano lenkhulu lephatsa futsi yandlalele tindlela letinhle temisebenti yema-SACCOs laphansi kwayo.

Le nhlangano ibhaliswe ngaphansi kweMtsetfo Wemitimane Yemifelandawonye wa-2003, ngaphansi kweMnyango Wetekuhweba, Temboni Netekutfutfuka. I-ESASCCO iphetfwe ngemalunga ayo, lokungemifelandawonye lephansi kwayo, futsi iphatfwa yiBhodi lemelela leyo mifelandawonye. Isebentisa imodeli yekubambisana, lenika emalunga ayo amandla ekutsi abe nencenye etincumeni nasekuphatfweni kwenhlangano. Kuphatfwa kwayo kusenta kutsi kube nekusobala kanye nekutimisela ekuhlangabetzeni tidingo tematfo emalunga ayo.

Indlela yebhizinisi ye-ESASCCO igcile ekuniketeni tisekela letibalulekile kuma-SACCOs ayo. Lokufaka ekhatsi kuniketa bucwephesha bekuphatsa timali bedijithali (ngekusebentisa ipulatifomu ye-Mambu), lusito lobutechnical, kucecesha, kubalwa kwetimali, kanye nekuyimela leyo mifelandawonye kutemilandvo. Iphindze inikete sikhungo lesikhulu sekugcina imali emkhatsini wemifelandawonye (inter-society liquidity facility), lokusita kutsi imali ihlale ikhona futsi ihambe kahle emkhatsini wemifelandawonye yemalimboleko nekulondza.

Tinhlobo Temalimboleko Netinsita Teti-SACCO Letiphatselene Ne-ESASCCO

Kubalulekile kucaphela kutsi i-ESASCCO yona ayiniketi imalimboleko ngqo kumakhasimende. Kunalokho, yenta kutsi kube lula futsi inike amandla ema-SACCOs ayo laphansi kwayo kutsi anikele ngetinhlobo letahlukene temalimboleko kumalunga awo. Letimalimboleko tivumelana netidingo tebantfu labahlukene, kusukela kubalimi labancane kuya kumabhizinisi lamancane nakaphakathi nendawo. Nasi sihlahlandlela setinhlobo temalimboleko letiniketwa ngema-SACCOs laphansi kwe-ESASCCO:

1. Imalimboleko Yabantu

• Samba Semalimboleko: Kusukela ku-SZL 500 kuya ku-SZL 50,000.
• Inzalo Yemnyaka Yonkhe (APR): Lokungaba ngema-12% kuya kuma-18% ngemnyaka.
• Sikhatsi Nekubhadala: Imalimboleko ibhadalwa ngetinyanga ezi-6 kuya ku-36, ngekubhadala nyalo.
• Imali Yekuphatsa: Kunezinyenti letikhokhiswa ekusunguleni imalimboleko, lokuba ngu-1% wesamba semali ebolekwe. Uma kwephuta kubhadala, kunemali leyengeziwe yema-2% ngenyanga.
• Sibo: Kuvame kufuneka kuba nesamba semali lesibekwe ku-akhawunti yekulondza noma umqinisekisi.

2. Imalimboleko Yebhizinisi

• Samba Semalimboleko: Kusukela ku-SZL 5,000 kuya ku-SZL 200,000.
• Inzalo Yemnyaka Yonkhe (APR): Lokungaba ngema-10% kuya kuma-16% ngemnyaka.
• Sikhatsi Nekubhadala: Imalimboleko ibhadalwa ngetinyanga ezi-12 kuya ku-60, ngekubhadala nyalo noma ngekota.
• Imali Yekuphatsa: Kunemali yekucubungula leyingu-0.5% kanye nemali yemshuwalense leyingu-0.25% wesamba semali ebolekwe.
• Sibo: Kuyasetjentiswa impahla lengasuswa, impahla yekuhweba, noma imali lebekiwe njengesibo.

3. Imalimboleko Yetekulima

• Samba Semalimboleko: Kusukela ku-SZL 1,000 kuya ku-SZL 100,000.
• Inzalo Yemnyaka Yonkhe (APR): Lokungaba ngema-8% kuya kuma-14% ngemnyaka.
• Sikhatsi Nekubhadala: Lokuvame kuba ngetikhatsi tetilimo (tichamuka etinyangeni leti-3 kuya ku-12).
• Imali Yekuphatsa: Kunemali yekusungula leyingu-1% wesamba semali ebolekwe.
• Sibo: Kuvame kutsetfwa umhlaba lonotshani noma imishini yetekulima njengesibo.

Kubalulekile kucaphela kutsi imigomo lecondzile yemalimboleko ingahluka kuye nge-SACCO ngayinye. I-SACCO ngayinye ihlela imigomo yayo emhlanganweni wayo wemnyaka, kepha lokwentako kumelwe kuhambisane nemitsetfo yeLihhovisi Lelelibuka Tinsita Tetimali (FSRA).

Indlela Yekufaka Sicelo, Bucwephesha Nobuholi Be-ESASCCO

I-ESASCCO isebenta ngekutimisela ekuthatheni bucwephesha lobusha betedijithali ekusebenteni kwayo. Lokukhatsateka kakhulu ngukwenta kutsi indlela yekufaka sicelo semalimboleko ibe lula futsi ifinyeleleke kubo bonkhe emalunga.

Indlela Yekufaka Sicelo Netidingo

Emalunga angafaka sicelo semalimboleko ngetindlela letimbili letinkhulu:

• Tindlela Tedijithali: Emalunga ema-SACCO angafinyelela tinhlelo tekusebenta teselula (iOS/Android) letisebentisa ipulatifomu ye-Mambu. Kukhona netinhlelo ku-inthanethi letiniketa emalunga emashadi ekubala imalimboleko kanye nendlela yekufaka sicelo. Letindlela tedijithali tivumela emalunga kutsi afake sicelo noma kukuphi, nganoma ngusiphi sikhatsi.
• Emahhovisi Ebugebengu: Kwakha kusita kakhulu kubantfu basekhatsi, ema-SACCOs anema-ofisi etifundzeni leti-25 e-Eswatini. Lapha, emalunga angafaka sicelo ngekuphila, asebentisa emafomu emaphepheni.

Kubona Kahle Ikhasimende (KYC) Netidingo Tekuba Lilunga:

Ngaphambi kwekutsi umuntfu afaneleke kuboleka imali, kudingeka kutsi abe lilunga le-SACCO lecondzile. Tidingo tekuba lilunga tekufaka sicelo semalimboleko tifaka ekhatsi:

• Kufaka bufakazi bekutibona (li-ID lelive lonkhe noma ipasipoti).
• Kufaka bufakazi bekuhlala kanye nebufakazi bemholo.
• Sicelo sekuba lilunga kufanele sivunywe yiBhodi ye-SACCO.
• Kudzingeka kutsi kuthengwe share yebulunga ngaphambi kwekutsi umuntfu afaneleke kuboleka imali.

Kuhlela Imalimboleko Nekubuyeketa

Emifelandawonye isebentisa tindlela letihlanganisiwe tekuhlela imalimboleko:

• Kuhlela Ngokuzenzakalelayo: Kusetshenziswa ipulatifomu ye-Mambu, imalimboleko ihlelwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngendlela lecondzile yetimali letibekiwe telilunga, umlando wakhe wekubhadala, kanye nemholo wakhe.
• Kuhlola Kwebaphatsi: Kuze kube yimalimboleko leyedlula samba lesitsite, kukhona kuhlola kwebaphatsi kwelilunga yikomidi lemali.

I-SACCO ngayinye iphindze ihlele umbiko ngetinhlobo tabo temalimboleko letisesimeni sengoti kanye nekulungiselela kwabo imali ngemaviki onkhe ku-FSRA.

Tici Teluhlelo Lokusebenta Lweselula Netinhlelo Tedijithali

Tinhlelo teselula tema-SACCO laphansi kwe-ESASCCO tiniketa tici letibalulekile letenta lula kuphatsa timali. Letinhlelo tinetinga lelingaba ngu-4.2 (ngesikali se-5) ekubuyekezweni ngemakhasimende, futsi tiyatfokotelwa ngekulula kwato. Tici letibalulekile tifaka:

• Kuhlola imali leku-akhawunti yakho.
• Ema-statement edijithali.
• Kufaneleka kwemalimbloleko kusenesikhatsi.
• Kuthumela imilayeto ngekuvikeleka.

I-ESASCCO iphindze ibe ne-portal yayo lecondzile le-inthanethi yekucecesha, kubika, kanye nekunika emalunga emifelandawonye titfukutselo temitsetfo.

Simiso Semtsetfo Nelayisensi

I-ESASCCO isebenta ngaphansi kweMtsetfo Wemitimane Yemifelandawonye wa-2003, futsi ibukwa nguMnyango Wetekuhweba, Temboni Netekutfutfuka. Ema-SACCOs laphansi kwayo anelayisensi yeLihhovisi Lelelibuka Tinsita Tetimali (FSRA) ngaphansi kweMtsetfo we-FSRA wa-2010. Kwentiwa imibiko yetimali yenyanga yonkhe ku-FSRA, lefaka ekhatsi ema-statement etimali, imali lekhona, kanye nekuphatswa kwemali.

Kute kuvikelwe umthengi, kunemitsetfo lecondzile yekubeka inzalo kanye netinyenti letikhokhiswa. Umbuso uphindze ucinisekise kutsi kukhona imalimboleko lehlangene nemali lebekiwe, lokwenta kutsi kukhone kuba nekuzibopha. Tikhalo tingahanjiswa ku-FSRA Ombudsman.

Simiso Semakhasimende, Indawo Emakethe Neseluleko Kubafuni Bemali

I-ESASCCO, ngekusebentisa ema-SACCOs ayo, isebenta bantfu labaningi e-Eswatini, ikakhulukati labasendzaweni yasemakhaya. Ema-SACCOs laphansi kwe-ESASCCO asita emalunga langu-24,000+ kuto tonkhe tifundza letine tase-Eswatini: Hhohho, Manzini, Shiselweni, kanye neLubombo.

Luhlaka Lwamakhasimende Netimo Tekubamba

Emalunga ala-SACCOs avele ngalendlela:

• 60% bangabalimi basemakhaya.
• 25% bangabasebenti labasemisebentini lehlelekile.
• 15% bangemabhizinisi lamancane nakaphakathi nendawo (SMEs) kanye nebasha labasungula emabhizinisi.

Kubalulekile kucaphela kutsi emalunga lamanyenti ngemakhosikati, ngema-55% emalunga onkhe. Lokukhombisa indzima lebalulekile lebanayo ekufakeni bomake etinhlelweni tetimali.

Indawo Emakethe Nekuncintisana

Ema-SACCOs anendzima lebalulekile emakethe yetimali yase-Eswatini. Acishe abe ngu-38% wemalimboleko lehlelekile leniketwa eveni lonkhe, futsi ema-SACCOs laphansi kwe-ESASCCO anendzima lebalulekile kulelicembu. Labo labancintisana nema-SACCOs bafaka ekhatsi emabhange emaluleko (njenge-Standard Bank ne-Nedbank), tikhungo tetimali letincane (njenge-FinCorp ne-Uniswa Microfinance), kanye netinhlangano temali letijikelezako letite umtsetfo (ROSCAs).

I-ESASCCO iyahluka kulaba labancintisana nabo ngekutsi inesakhiwo sedijithali lesihlanganyelwe kanye nemodeli yayo yekuphatsa ngemifelandawonye, leniketa emandla emalunga ayo. Lokuyenta ibe yindlela lecondzile futsi lemkhatsini webantfu labahlukene.

Kubuyekezwa Kwamakhasimende Nemiphumela

Tinhlelo teselula temafoni tema-SACCO tihlale titfola tinhloko letilinganiselwe ku-4.2, futsi emalunga ayancomeka ngekulula kuto kanye netinhloko letisobala. Kubhadala kwemalimboleko yedijithali kuvame kuthatsa emalanga lamatsatfu, ngesikhatsi letetiphepha titsatsa emalanga lasikhombisa. Lokukhombisa kusebenta kahle kwetinhlelo tedijithali.

Noma kunjalo, kukhona tikhalo letivamile letifaka ekhatsi kulahleka kwesikhashana kwenethiwekhi lephatamisa kuthengiselana kwedijithali kanye netindlela tekuphatsa ngephepha letisebenta kancane emagatsheni asemakhaya. Noma kunjalo, lizinga lenkonzo lihle, njengoba emalunga angu-87% abika kutsi abe nesipiliyoni lesihle nabasebenti be-SACCO.

Kubakhona tindzaba letinengi temphumelelo, njengomlimi wasemakhaya lowatfola imali yekukhulisa indzawo yakhe yekufuya tihhuku, waphindza katfusa imali yakhe ngenyanga lelishumi nesiphohlongo. Noma umnikati webhizinisi lomusha lowasungula insita yekuthunga ngedijithali ngemalimbloleko ebhizinisi.

Seluleko Lesiwusito Kubafuni Bemalimboleko

Kubantfu labacabanga kuboleka imali ngema-SACCO laphansi kwe-ESASCCO, kuneseleleko lesiwusito:

1. Yiba Lilunga: Ngaphambi kwekutsi ufune imalimboleko, ciniseka kutsi usubhalisile njengemlunga we-SACCO futsi usuthenge ama-share abulunga. Lokungasita ekwakheni umlando wakho futsi kwente kutsi ufaneleke kakhulu.
2. Yenta Ucwaningo: Hlola imigomo nemibandzela ye-SACCO yakho. Imigomo yehluka kuye nge-SACCO ngayinye, ngako-ke kubalulekile kutsi uyati kahle imibandzela yekubhadala, inzalo, netinyenti letikhokhiswa.
3. Sebentisa Tinsita Tedijithali: Uma kunekhono, sebenzisa tinhlelo teselula tema-SACCO noma ema-portal ku-inthanethi. Letinsita tivame kushesha futsi tilula ukutisenta, tente indlela yekufaka sicelo ibe lula.
4. Boleka Ngendlela Lefanele: Boleka imali kuphela longakhona kuyibhadala. Hlala uhlela imali yakho kahle futsi uciniseke kutsi imalimboleko ifaneleka etidingweni takho.
5. Hlola Sibo: Uma imalimboleko idinga sibo, ciniseka kutsi uyaqonda kutsi sibo sakho sitsi ini futsi ukhululekile ngemigomo.
6. Thintana Ne-SACCO Yakho: Uma unemibuto noma kungacaci, unganqikati kuthintana nabasebenti be-SACCO yakho. Banomkhuba wekuniketa lusito loluhle kakhulu.

I-ESASCCO kanye nama-SACCOs ayo atimisele ekukhuliseni kufakwa kwetimali e-Eswatini. Ngemodeli yabo yekubambisana, bucwephesha lobusha, kanye nekutimisela ekuniketeni tinsita letiwusito, baniketa indlela lecondzile futsi leyetsembekile kubantfu base-Eswatini labafuna lusito lwetimali.