SwaziLend

Ngekukhula kwesibalo setinsita tetimali tedijithali emhlabeni wonkhe, nase-Eswatini nako kwenteka lokufanako. Inkampani i-swazilend yenta timpompo kulomkhakha wetimalimboleko wedijithali, yetsembisa kwenta lula indlela bantfu labatfola ngayo imalimboleko. Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile kuhlatiya lenkampani ngekujulile kute sicale sicondze indlela lesebenta ngayo, imikhiqizo yayo, kanye nesimo sayo lesingacacile ngaphansi kwelawulo.

Njengalokutfolakele ekucwaningweni, imininingwane lesesidlangalaleni mayelana ne-swazilend ayikho kahle. Loku kwenta kube nesidzingo sekubheka lenkampani sibukiso lesibanzi, sisebenzisa imininingwane lekhona mayelana netinkampani letihlinzeka ngemalimboleko letincane (micro-lenders) netinkampani tetekuchumana tetimali (fintechs) e-Eswatini, futsi sibone nalapho imininingwane lecondzene ne-swazilend ingakacaci kahle.

Sibukiso Senkampani i-swazilend Kanye Nemlandvo Wayo e-Eswatini

I-swazilend iyinkampani yetemalimboleko yedijithali lemenyetelwa kutsi isebenta e-Eswatini. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nobe isebenta, kubalulekile kuphawula kutsi ayikho imininingwane lesesidlangalaleni lecondzile mayelana nelibito layo lelisemtsetfweni, kubhaliswa kwayo, linyaka leyasungulwa ngawo, noma bantfu bayo labasunguli. Ayibonakali kubhaliswa naBantfu Labalawula Tinsita Tetimali (FSRA) noma kuluhla lwetimvume lweBhange Lelikhulu lase-Eswatini (CBE).

Ngenca yekuswelakala kwemininingwane lecondzile, sitsi i-swazilend yinkampani yetekuchumana tetimali (fintech) lehloselwe kuhlinzeka ngemalimboleko letincane kubantfu labangakafiki etinsiteni tetimali noma labangawafiki kahle emabhange (unbanked or underbanked), kanye nemabhizinisi lamancane nalaphakathi (MSMEs) emadolobheni lase-Eswatini njengaseMbabane naseManzini. Indlela yayo yekusebenta kutsi yente yonkhe intfo ngedijithali, ngaphandle kwekudinga kutsi umuntfu aye ehhovisi.

Kufanele sicaphele kutsi ngaphandle kwemininingwane lesesidlangalaleni, noma ngubani lochubeka nekutfolwa kwemalimboleko kufanele acabangisise kakhulu. Kuswelakala kwelayisense yekusebenta kungaba yingoti enkulu kubaboleki, ngoba bangetama kungavikeliwe ngemibandela yelawulo yetetimali yase-Eswatini.

Imikhiqizo Yetimalimboleko Netinsita Tehlinzekwa yi-swazilend

Ngenxa yekuswelakala kwemininingwane lecondzene ne-swazilend, imikhiqizo yayo yetimalimboleko ayikamenyetelwa emphakatsini. Kodwa-ke, singabheka kutsi yini levamise kuhlinzekwa ngulabanye labahlinzeka ngemalimboleko letincane netinkampani tetekuchumana tetimali e-Eswatini kute sitfole umcondvo.

Ngokuvamile, labahlinzeka ngemalimboleko letincane e-Eswatini bahlinzeka ngalama mikhiqizo:

• Imalimboleko Yebantfu: Leti tivamise kusukela ku-E2,000 kuya ku-E150,000, futsi tingakhokhwa eminyakeni lehlanganisa tinyanga ezingaba ngu-60. Lenhlobo yemalimboleko ivamise kuhloselwa tinsito temuntfu letahlukene, njengemfundvo, tinsita temphilo, noma tinsito tasekhaya.
• Imalimboleko Yemabhizinisi Lamancane Nalaphakathi: Leti tivamise kusukela ku-E10,000 kuya ku-E1,500,000, futsi tingakhokhwa eminyakeni lehlanganisa iminyaka lemitsatfu kuya kulemihlanu. Leti tihloselwe kusita emabhizinisi lamancane nalamaphakathi kutsi akhule, atfole imali yekucala, noma atfole tindlela tekusebenta.

Ngokucondzene ne-swazilend, sitsi imalimboleko lemincane lekahlinzeka ngayo ingaba yi-E2,000, kantsi lephakeme ingaba yi-E250,000. Loku kungumcondvo nje lobekwe ekwentweni kwalabanye emahlelo e-Eswatini.

Inzalo, Tinkokhelo kanye Nemibandela Yemalimboleko

Imibandela lenkulu lemayelana nemalimboleko yinhloko yekuboleka, inzalo, tinkokhelo, netindlela tekukhokha. Ngenxa yekuswelakala kwemininingwane lecondzile nge-swazilend, inzalo lecondzile ayikacaci. Kodwa-ke, e-Eswatini, tinkampani tetekuchumana tetimali netetimalimboleko letincane tivamise kuncamula inzalo lesukela ku-15% kuya ku-30% ngonyaka, ngaphezu kwaletinye tinkokhelo tetinsita.

Tinkokhelo temalimboleko letivamise kuba khona e-Eswatini tihlanganisa:

• Tinkokhelo Tekucala: Leti tivamise kusukela ku-5% kuya ku-10% welimali lobolekile.
• Tinkokhelo Tekulibala: Uma umboleki alibala kukhokha, angacelwa kukhokha tinkokhelo letisukela ku-2% kuya ku-5% welimali lelibalekile.

Ngokucondzene netindzawo tekukhokha, sitsi i-swazilend ingahlinzeka ngetindzawo tekukhokha letisukela kunyanga yinye kuya kutinyanga ezingama-60. Mayelana netibambiso, kuvamile kutsi imalimboleko yebantfu labaholayo ingabi nasibambiso. Kodwa-ke, emabhizinisi lamancane kungadzingeka sibambiso setintfo letinyakato noma umuntfu lokweyame ngaye (guarantor).

Indlela Yekufaka Sicelo Netidingo

Imininingwane lecondzile mayelana netindlela tekufaka sicelo te-swazilend ayikacaci. Kodwa-ke, tinkampani tetekuchumana tetimali letifana nayo e-Eswatini tivamise kuhlinzeka ngaleti tindlela:

• Uhlelo Lwefoni (Mobile App): Lapho umboleki afaka khona sicelo usebentisa ifoni yakhe.
• I-USSD: Indlela yekufaka sicelo ngaphandle kwedata noma i-inthanethi, usebentisa tinkhombandlela tefoni.
• Emahhovisi Lasendzaweni: Letinye tinkampani tinetikhungo temahhovisi lapho bantfu bangafaka khona sicelo ngesandla.

Tidingo te-KYC Nekubhalisa

Njengakuto tonkhe tinkampani tetemalimboleko e-Eswatini, i-swazilend kufanele ilandzele imihlahlandlela ye-KYC (Know Your Customer) yeBhange Lelikhulu lase-Eswatini. Leti tihlanganisa:

• Kucinisekiswa kwebunikati nge-ID.
• Ubufakazi bendawo yokuhlala.
• Ubufakazi bemholo (slip yemholo noma titatimende tebhange).

Mayelana nekuhlatiya sikweletu, sitsi i-swazilend ingasebenzisa kuhlatiya kwemlandvo wemali yasebhange, imlandvo yemali yeselula (mobile money), kanye nemininingwane lehlukile kute ihlole kuthembeka kwemboleki. Imali ingakhishwa ngekuyifaka ebhange, iselula, noma ngekuyitsatsa ema-ejenti lakhetsekile.

Simiso Selawulo kanye Nemvume Yekusebenta

Ngenkhatsi i-swazilend ikhuluma ngekuhlinzeka ngemalimboleko e-Eswatini, kubalulekile kuphawula kutsi ayikho imvume yekusebenta lebhaliwe le-swazilend eBhange Lelikhulu lase-Eswatini noma kuBantfu Labalawula Tinsita Tetimali (FSRA).

Loku kusho kutsi kungase kube khona kuncishiswa kwelawulo noma kungabikhona kwelawulo lwalenkompani. Noma ngabe yini, inkampani lemenyetelwa kutsi ihlinzeka ngemalimboleko e-Eswatini kufanele ilandzele imihlahlandlela ye-CBE mayelana nebafundisi bemali yeselula kanye nemihlahlandlela yekuvikela umthengi ye-FSRA. Kuswelakala kwelayisense yekusebenta kungase kube yingoti kubathengi, ngoba bangetama kungavikeliwe ngemtsetfo uma kunetinkinga.

Indawo Yayo Emakethe Nekuncintisana e-Eswatini

Ngenxa yekutsi i-swazilend ayikabi nemininingwane lesesidlangalaleni, akukho tincwadzi tekubuyekeza temakhasimende noma titinganiso letitfolakele. Loku kwenta kube matima kuhlola indlela yayo yekusebenta nendzawo yayo emakethe. Kuphawula kutsi letinye tinkinga letivamise kuba khona kulo lonkhe leli e-Eswatini tihlanganisa kuminyeka kwenethiwekhi, inzalo lephakeme, kanye netinkokhelo letingacacile.

I-swazilend incintisana netinkampani letinkhulu tetimali e-Eswatini, letihlanganisa Letshego, FNB Swaziland, Eswatini Bank, Standard Bank, Select Limited, kanye netikhungo tetimalimboleko letincane (microfinance institutions) njenge-FINCORP. Letinkampani tetekuchumana tetimali tivamise kuncintisana ngekushesha, kulula, kanye nendlela lekahle yekusebentisa uhlelo lwedijithali.

Kute i-swazilend ikhule futsi ikwandze, ingadzinga kusungula buhlobo namabhange, tinkampani tetocingo, noma ema-ejensi lamanye. Kodwa-ke, akukho kubambisana lokumenyetelwe emphakatsini lokutfolakele ngale nkompani.

Seluleko Lesiwusito Kubaboleki Labangaba Khona

Njengoba kungenayo imininingwane lesesidlangalaleni nge-swazilend, kubaluleke kakhulu kutsi bonkhe labangaba baboleki bacwaninge kahle ngaphambi kokwenta noma ngubani sicelo semalimboleko. Nasi seluleko lesibalulekile:

• Cela Ubufakazi Bemvume Yekusebenta: Cela i-swazilend ikutsi ikunikeze ubufakazi bemitsetfo leyiye yakhiwa yiBhange Lelikhulu lase-Eswatini kanye ne-FSRA. Inkampani lesemtsetfweni kufanele ikwazi kukwenta loku kalula.
• Hlatiya Tinkokhelo Netibalo Tenzalo: Qhathanisa tinkokhelo netibalo tenzalo letingumenyetiwe ne-swazilend naletinkampani letifana nayo e-Eswatini. Qiniseka kutsi uyaicondza yonkhe inzalo kanye netinkokhelo letihlanganisiwe.
• Funda Imibandela Kahle: Fundza kahle yonkhe imibandela yelivumelwano ngaphambi kokubhalisa. Buza imibuto uma kukhona lokungacacile.
• Caphela Uma Kucelwa Tinkokhelo Tekucala: Uma inkampani ikucela kukhokha imali lenkulu ngaphambi kwekutsi unikwe imalimboleko, caphela kakhulu.
• Vikela Imininingwane Yakho: Qiniseka kutsi uvikela imininingwane yakho yemuntfu kanye netemali uma ufaka sicelo.

Ekugcineni, kuswelakala kwemininingwane lesesidlangalaleni mayelana ne-swazilend kudzinga kutsi kube nekucaphela kakhulu. Noma ngabe yini, labangaba baboleki kufanele batfole imvume yekusebenta lecondzile ku-swazilend, bahlatiya tinkokhelo, inzalo, kanye nemibandela yemalimboleko ngaphambi kwekutsi bachubeke. Kulawula imalimboleko ngendlela lehlakaniphile kuhlale kubalulekile kute kuvikelwe inhlalakahle yakho yetemali.